IDEA #1NYRO9 Environmentally Friendly Gasification Of Municipal Solid Wastes

APPLIED RESEARCH • ENERGYAND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY GASIFICATION OOFF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES Description Environmentally friendly gasification technology for process(cid:2) ing of municipal solid waste (MSW) is proposed. The technolo(cid:2) gy allows to treat MSW effectively and to obtain medium(cid:2) calorific producer gas with minimal negative impact upon envi(cid:2) ronment. Twin fluid bed gasifier consists of two fluid bed reac(cid:2) tors – gasifier itself and combustion chamber – connected with each other by a chute. Steam gasification takes place in the gasifier; sand is an inert material of the bed. Sand is heated in combustion chamber at the expense of burning of char coming from gasifier through chute. Heated sand goes back to gasifier. The construction of the unit is suitable for further scaling up so that the technolo(cid:2) gy is brought to demonstration level and then to commercial application. Innovative Aspects and Main Advantages The proposed gasification technology has advantages over other types of gasifiers as well as over other thermochemical processes for MSW treatment such as combustion and pyrol(cid:2) ysis, namely: • low formation of dioxins and furans due to optimal con(cid:2) struction of the gasifier and combustion chamber; • comparatively simple gas cleaning system; • low negative impact upon environment; • compacting effect from gasification is much more than that from pyrolysis. Unburned charcoal remains after pyrolysis while only ash remains after gasification; • gasification is a less power(cid:2)consuming process than pyrol(cid:2) ysis; • as gasification takes place under limited amount of oxygen, formation of dioxins is much less intensive than during direct combustion of MSW; • due to lower temperature during gasification as against combustion, formation of NOx is also much less intensive. Fig. 1. Layout of a 50 kW twin fluid bed gasifier. Area ooff Application The installation can be used by municipalities or landfill oper(cid:2) ators for MSW utilization. As producer gas is of high quality the unit can be equipped with gas engine for power production. Stage ooff development A 50 kW experimental unit has been constructed and investi(cid:2) gated in the laboratory. Detail design and design documenta(cid:2) tion is available. The unit can be scaled up to 5 MWth without significant problems. Contact details Contact person: Dr. Geletukha Georgiy Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, NAS of Ukraine Address: 2A, Zhelyabov street, 03057, Kyiv Ukraine Tel./fax: (+380 44) 456 94 62 e(cid:2)mail: geletukha@biomass.kiev.ua website: www.biomass.kiev.ua INNOVATIVETECHNOLOGY OPPORTUNITIES FROM THE STCU 87